What is the purpose of a GFCI outlet?

A GFCI (Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter) outlet serves a critical safety function in preventing electrical shocks. Its primary purpose is to monitor the current flowing through the circuit. If it detects an imbalance, meaning that the current flowing through the hot wire does not match the current returning through the neutral wire—often due to a ground fault—it will quickly shut off the electrical supply. This rapid response helps protect individuals from serious electric shocks that can occur if a person comes into contact with a live wire or faulty appliance, especially in wet or damp environments like kitchens and bathrooms.

The emphasis on protection against ground faults is what makes GFCI outlets essential in locations where water is present. While other options mention voltage regulation, efficiency improvements, and circuit breaker performance, these do not align with the primary role of a GFCI outlet. Only the option centered on shock prevention accurately reflects the outlet’s safety function, highlighting the importance of protecting users from potentially fatal electrical hazards.