What is the primary function of a neutral wire in an electrical circuit?

The primary function of a neutral wire in an electrical circuit is to carry current away from the load back to the power source. This is essential for the completion of an electrical circuit, as the current must flow in a continuous loop for devices to operate correctly. The neutral wire serves as the return path for the current that has passed through the load, ensuring that the circuit remains balanced and functional.

In typical residential wiring, the neutral wire is connected to the ground at the service panel, helping to maintain safety and prevent electrical shock. The existence of a neutral wire also allows for the standard functioning of 120V circuits, where power is delivered from the hot wire to the load, and then the neutral wire returns that current to the power source, completing the circuit. This design is crucial for the efficient operation of electrical devices and systems.