What does the electrical term 'voltage drop' refer to?

The term 'voltage drop' refers specifically to the reduction in voltage across a component or conductor within an electrical circuit due to the resistance inherent in that component or conductor. This phenomenon occurs as electrical current flows through a conductor, causing energy to be dissipated as heat due to its resistance, which results in a lower voltage at the end of the conductor compared to the voltage at the beginning.

In practical terms, understanding voltage drop is crucial for ensuring that electrical devices operate efficiently and safely. If the voltage drop is too significant, equipment may not function properly, and could potentially lead to failures or increased energy consumption. Proper circuit design takes voltage drop into account to ensure that all parts of the circuit receive sufficient voltage to operate as intended.