What distinguishes an open circuit from a closed circuit?

The primary distinction between an open circuit and a closed circuit lies in the current flow. An open circuit is characterized by a break in the conductive pathway, preventing electric current from flowing. Without this continuous path, the electrons are unable to move, and as a result, there is no current. This means that devices or components connected in an open circuit will not function as they require a complete loop for current to activate them.

In contrast, a closed circuit provides an uninterrupted pathway for current to travel through. This allows electrical devices within the circuit to operate normally. Understanding this fundamental concept is crucial for working with electrical systems, as design and troubleshooting often require recognizing whether a circuit is open or closed to determine the flow of current.